What are two common forms of decay affecting wood?

The correct answer identifies white rot and brown rot as two common forms of decay affecting wood, which is vital to understand when considering wood preservation practices.

White rot occurs when fungi degrade lignin in the wood, leaving behind cellulose, which results in a lightened appearance of the wood. This type of rot can significantly compromise the structural integrity of wood, making it crucial for preservation efforts to identify and treat wood affected by this condition.

Brown rot, on the other hand, primarily decomposes cellulose while leaving the lignin intact, leading to a brownish color in the wood and often resulting in a dry, crumbly texture. Brown rot affects the structural integrity of wood by weakening it significantly and causes the wood to lose mass.

Recognizing these two types of decay is essential for effective wood preservation strategies, as different treatments may be needed for each type to prolong the life and utility of wood products in various applications. Understanding their characteristics helps professionals select appropriate preservative methods, ensuring the longevity and safety of wood in construction and other uses.