What is a common sign of insect infestation in wood?

A common sign of insect infestation in wood is the presence of small exit holes and sawdust piles around the affected area. Insects, particularly wood-boring beetles, create exit holes as they emerge from the wood after completing their life cycle. These holes are often small and can be easily overlooked if one is not specifically looking for them. The sawdust that accumulates around these holes, often referred to as frass, is a clear indication of activity, as it results from the insects boring into the wood and consuming it.

In contrast, while dark discoloration, cracks, and wet patches can indicate other issues like moisture damage or fungus, they are not definitive signs of insect infestation. The specific combination of exit holes and accompanying sawdust is uniquely representative of wood-boring insects and serves as an effective indicator to identify and address a potential infestation early on, maintaining the integrity of the wood structures.